Difference between System Testing vs Integration Testing? Most of the Software applications which are developed are usually broken into many modules and given to different teams. These modules are then usually developed individually and later on integrated to form the complete software application. When two or more modules are combined and tested, it is called integration testing. After all the modules are combined and the complete system is made, testing of the whole system is known as System Testing. Before going into the differences let us first understand each type of testing in brief : What is System Testing? System Testing is testing of the software application as a whole to check if the system is complaint with the user requirements. It is an end to end user perspective testing intended to find defects in the software system. System Testing is a type of black box testing technique thus the knowledge of internal code in not required. It is a high level testing always performed after integration testing. Regression and Re Testing is performed many times in system testing. The user can perform different type of tests under System Testing . It would depend on the user or the organisation to choose which type of system testing should be performed on the application. System testing can be broadly classified in two types: Functional Testing. ![]() ![]()
Non Functional Testing. Objective of System Testing: System testing is performed to check the following points: To check whether the software system is made according to the customer needs written in Software Requirements Specifications, it meets both functional and non- functional design requirements of the system. When all the modules are combined as a whole, many errors and facts may arise which may not give the expected results? You have a SQL Server stored procedure that has been performing fairly well, but suddenly its execution times skyrocket. After looking at the cached execution plan. ![]() So system testing is performed to find the defects or bugs in all the interfaces as well the whole system. To execute the real –life scenarios on the software. It is done on the staging server which is very much similar to the production server where the software would actually be deployed. The system test cases are made according to the end- to – end use perspective. What is Integration Testing? Integration testing tests the interface between modules of the software application. The different modules are first testing individually and then combined to make a system. Testing the interface between the small units or modules is integration testing. It is usually conducted by software integration tester and in continuation to the development. There are different techniques available for integration testing: Big Bang Integration Testing: In type of integration testing all the modules are combined first and then tested together. Top Bottom Integration Testing: This type of testing take place from top to bottom uses Stubs which are substitutes of components. The top module is tested first. Bottom to Top Integration Testing: This type of testing take from bottom to top and uses Drivers which are substitutes of components. The bottom module is tested first. Objective of Integration Testing: Integration testing is performed to check the following points: To check whether the modules developed by individual developers when combined are according to standards and gives the expected results. When modules are combined, sometimes the data travelling between modules has many errors which may not give the expected results. So integration testing is performed to find the defects or bugs in all the interfaces. To check the integration between any third party tools used. Difference between System Testing and Integration Testing: System Testing. Integration Testing. Testing the completed product to check if it meets the specification requirements. Testing the collection and interface modules to check whether they give the expected result. Both functional and non- functional testing are covered like sanity, usability, performance, stress an load . Only Functional testing is performed to check whether the two modules when combined give correct outcome. It is a high level testing performed after integration testing. It is a low level testing performed after unit testing. It is a black box testing technique so no knowledge of internal structure or code is required. It is both black box and white box testing approach so it requires the knowledge of the two modules and the interface. It is performed by test engineers only. Integration testing is performed by developers as well test engineers. Here the testing is performed on the system as a whole including all the external interfaces, so any defect found in it is regarded as defect of whole system. Here the testing is performed on interface between individual module thus any defect found is only for individual modules and not the entire system. In System Testing the test cases are developed to simulate real life scenarios. Here the test cases are developed to simulate the interaction between the two module. The System testing covers many different testing types like sanity, usability, maintenance, regression, retesting and performance. Integration testing techniques includes big bang approach, top bottom , bottom to top and sandwich approach. 9. Example to differentiate between System testing and Integration Testing: Project : Online Shopping. Modules: The Integration Testing would include checking the interaction between different modules like : Searching a product using search bar, checking if the search bar accepts space, characters. Checking the search results after hitting enter button, if it is according to the searched words. Changing the search item and checking the results again. Clicking on the product we select. Check the product detail page. Adding the product to the cart by clicking on “Add to Cart”, check by adding few more items. Checking the shopping cart page, if all the data coming from the product detail page is proper. System: The System Testing would include checking system as a whole: Add items to the Product page from back- end, check if it stored correctly in database table. Add few items to shopping cart and check if these items are correctly stored in temporary tables in database. Delete few items from shopping cart, it should be deleted from DB as well. Perform a check out transaction; see in DB if the payment option and other details are updated in DB as real time. Checking the payment page and the transaction id generated. Checking the same in database. Over to you: In this article we learned about the difference between System testing and Integration Testing and its objectives. We also covered Example to differentiate between System testing and Integration Testing. In the difference we intentionally kept the point 9 blank and if you think I missed to cover the any important difference then you can add in the comments below, this will really help to undestand the difference to our fresher QA friends. If you are not regular reader of this website then highly recommends you to sign up for our free email newsletter!! Sign up just providing your email address below: Happy Testing!!! Must Read Articles For You. Chapter 9. SQL Syntax. HSQLDB version 1. SQL statements and syntax described. Notational Conventions Used in this Chapter[A] means A is optional.{ B | C } means either B or C must be. B | C }] means either B or C may optionally be. UPPERCASE words are keywords. ALTER INDEX < indexname> RENAME TO < newname> ;Index names can be changed so long as they do not conflict with. ALTER SEQUENCE < sequencename> RESTART WITH < value> ;Resets the next value to be returned from the sequence. ALTER SCHEMA < schemaname> RENAME TO < newname> ;Renames the schema as specified. All objects of the schema will. Requires Administrative privileges. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ADD [COLUMN] < columnname> Datatype. Size[,precision])] [{DEFAULT < default. Value> |. GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (START WITH < n> [, INCREMENT BY < m> ])}] |. NOT] NULL] [IDENTITY] [PRIMARY KEY]. BEFORE < existingcolumn> ]; Adds the column to the end of the column list. The optional BEFORE. It accepts a column. Definition as in a CREATE TABLE command. If NOT NULL. is specified and the table is not empty, then a default value must be. In all other respects, this command is the equivalent of a. CREATE TABLE statement. If an SQL view includes a SELECT * FROM < tablename> in its. This is a. non- standard feature which is likely to change in the future. ALTER TABLE < tablename> DROP [COLUMN] < columnname> ;Drops the column from the table. Will drop any single- column. The command will. It will also fail if an SQL view includes the column. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ALTER COLUMN < columnname> RENAME TO < newname> Changes a column name. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ALTER COLUMN < columnname> SET DEFAULT < defaultvalue> }; Adds the specified default value to the column. Use NULL to remove. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ALTER COLUMN < columnname> SET [NOT] NULLSets or removes a NOT NULL constraint for the column. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ALTER COLUMN < column. Definition> ;This form of ALTER TABLE ALTER COLUMN accepts a column. Definition as in a CREATE. TABLE command, with the following restrictions. Restrictions. The column must be already be a PK column to accept an. IDENTITY definition. If the column is already an IDENTITY column and there is no. IDENTITY definition, the existing IDENTITY attribute is. The default expression will be that of the new definition. The NOT NULL attribute will be that of the new definition. Depending on the type of change, the table may have to be. It always works when the type of change. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ALTER COLUMN < columnname> RESTART WITH < new sequence value> This form is used exclusively for IDENTITY columns and changes the. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ADD [CONSTRAINT < constraintname> ]CHECK (< search condition> ); Adds a check constraint to the table. In the current version, a. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ADD [CONSTRAINT < constraintname> ] UNIQUE (< column list> ); Adds a unique constraint to the table. This will not work if there. This will work only if the values of the column list for the. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ADD [CONSTRAINT < constraintname> ]PRIMARY KEY (< column list> ); Adds a primary key constraint to the table, using the same. ALTER TABLE < tablename> ADD [CONSTRAINT < constraintname> ] FOREIGN KEY (< column list> )REFERENCES < exptablename> (< column list> )[ON {DELETE | UPDATE} {CASCADE | SET DEFAULT | SET NULL}]; Adds a foreign key constraint to the table, using the same. This will fail if for each existing row in the referring table, a. ALTER TABLE < tablename> DROP CONSTRAINT < constraintname> ;Drop a named unique, check or foreign key constraint from the. ALTER TABLE < tablename> RENAME TO < newname> ;ALTER USER < username> SET PASSWORD < password> ;Changes the password for an existing user. Password must be double. Use "" for an empty password. DBA's may change users' base default schema name with the comand. ALTER USER < username> SET INITIAL SCHEMA < schemaname> . This is the schema which database object names will resolve to for this. Schema object naming. For. reasons of backwards compatibility, the initial schema value will not be. HSQLDB version 1. I. e.. INITIAL SCHEMA settings will be lost upon database shutdown with HSQLDB. Only an administrator may use these commands. CALL Expression; Any expression can be called like a stored procedure, including. Java stored procedures or functions. This command returns a. Result. Set with one column and one row (the result) just like a SELECT. See also: Stored Procedures / Functions, SQL Expression. CHECKPOINT [DEFRAG[2]]; Closes the database files, rewrites the script file, deletes the. If DEFRAG is specified, this command also shrinks the . See also: SHUTDOWN, SET LOGSIZE. CONNECT USER < username> PASSWORD < password> ;Connects to the database as a different user. Password should be. Use "" for an empty password. See also: GRANT. REVOKE. CREATE ALIAS < function> FOR < java. Function> ;Creates an alias for a static Java function to be used as a. Stored Procedure. The function must be accessible from the JVM in which the database. Example: CREATE ALIAS ABS FOR "java. Math. abs"; Note. The CREATE ALIAS command just defines the alias. It does not validate existence of the target method or its. To validate the alias, use it. See also: CALL. Stored Procedures / Functions. CREATE [UNIQUE] INDEX < index> ON < table> (< column> [DESC] [, ..]) [DESC]; Creates an index on one or more columns in a table. Creating an index on searched columns may improve performance. The. qualifier DESC can be present for command compatibility with other. Unique indexes can be defined but this. Use UNIQUE constraints instead. The name of an index must. See also: CREATE TABLE, DROP INDEX. CREATE ROLE < rolename> ;Creates the named role with no members. Requires Administrative. CREATE SCHEMA < schemaname> AUTHORIZATION < grantee> [< create. Statement> [< grant. Statement> ] [..]; Creates the named schema, with ownership of the specified. The authorization grantee may be a. Optional (nested) CREATE and GRANT statements can be given only. Only the last nested statement. CREATE SCHEMA" will end the CREATE SCHEMA command. In. the example below, a new schema, ACCOUNTS, is created, then two tables. CREATE SCHEMA ACCOUNTS AUTHORIZATION DBACREATE TABLE AB(A INTEGER, ..)CREATE TABLE CD(C CHAHR, ..)CREATE VIEW VI AS SELECT .. GRANT SELECT TO PUBLIC ON ABGRANT SELECT TO JOE ON CD. Note that this example consists of one CREATE SCHEMA statement which. Requires Administrative privileges. CREATE SEQUENCE < sequencename> [AS {INTEGER | BIGINT}][START WITH < startvalue> ] [INCREMENT BY < incrementvalue> ]; Creates a sequence. The default type is INTEGER. The default start. Negative values are not allowed. If a. sequence goes beyond Integer. MAXVALUE or Long. MAXVALUE, the next result. The next value for a sequence can be included in SELECT, INSERT. UPDATE statements as in the following example: SELECT [..,] NEXT VALUE FOR < sequencename> [, ..] FROM < tablename> ;In the proposed SQL 2. CREATE [MEMORY | CACHED | [GLOBAL] TEMPORARY | TEMP [2] | TEXT[2]] TABLE < name> ( < column. Definition> [, ..] [, < constraint. Definition>..] )[ON COMMIT {DELETE | PRESERVE} ROWS]; Creates a tables in memory (default) or on disk and only cached in. If the database is all- in- memory, both MEMORY and CACHED forms. CREATE TABLE return a MEMORY table while the TEXT form is not. Components of a CREATE TABLE commandcolumn. Definitioncolumnname Datatype [(column. Size[,precision])][{DEFAULT < default. Value> |GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY(START WITH < n> [, INCREMENT BY < m> ])}] |[[NOT] NULL] [IDENTITY] [PRIMARY KEY]Default values that are allowed are constant values or. SQL datetime functions. Allowed Default Values in Column Definitions. For character column, a single- quoted string or NULL. The only SQL function that can be used is CURRENT_USER. For datetime columns, a single- quoted DATE, TIME or. TIMESTAMP value or NULL. Or a datetime SQL function such as. CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, TODAY, NOW. Each function is allowed for a certain datetime type. For BOOLEAN columns, the literals FALSE, TRUE.
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